A new antimicrobial peptide isoform, Pc-crustin 4 involved in antibacterial innate immune response in fresh water crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

Abstract

The main advantage of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) used as the effectors in the innate immunity system of invertebrates is that the high specificity is not indispensable. And they play important roles in the systemic defenses against microbial invasion. In this study, a new full-length cDNA of the crustins molecule was identified in red swamp crayfish, P. clarkii (named Pc-crustin 4). The ORF of Pc-crustin 4 contained 369 bp which encoded a protein of 122 amino acids, with a 20-amino-acid signal peptide sequence. On the base of the classification method established by Smith et al., Pc-crustin 4 belonged to Type Ⅰ crustin molecule. The Pc-crustin 4 transcripts were expressed in hemocytes at relatively high level, and relatively low level in hepatopancreas, gills, and intestine in normal crayfish. After respectively challenged with S. aureus or E. ictaluri, the expression levels of Pc-crustin 4 showed up-regulation trends at different degrees in the hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gills, and intestine tissues. Besides, the results of liquid antibacterial assay showed that rPc-crustin 4 inhibited obviously the growth of S. aureus and E. ictaluri. The results of bacteria binding assay showed that rPc-crustin 4 could bind strongly to S. aureus and E. ictaluri. Finally, RNAi assay was performed to study the immunity roles of Pc-crustin 4 in crayfish in vivo. Taken together, Pc-crustin 4 is an important immunity effector molecule, which plays crucial roles in defending against bacterial infection in crayfish.