Abstract
An analytical solar radiation pressure (SRP) model, IGGBSPM (an abbreviation for Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics BeiDou Solar Pressure Model), has been developed for three BeiDou satellite types, namely, geostationary orbit (GEO), inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and medium earth orbit (MEO), based on a ray-tracing method. The performance of IGGBSPM was assessed based on numerical integration, SLR residuals and analyses of empirical SRP parameters (except overlap computations). The numerical results show that the integrated orbit resulting from IGGBSPM differs from the precise ephemerides by approximately 5 m and 2 m for GEO and non-GEO satellites, respectively. Moreover, when IGGBSPM is used as an a priori model to enhance the ECOM (5-parameter) model with stochastic pulses, named ECOM + APR, for precise orbit determination, the SLR RMS residual improves by approximately 20–25 percent over the ECOM-only solution during the yaw-steering period and by approximately 40 percent during the yaw-fixed period. For the BeiDou GEO01 satellite, improvements of 18 and 32 percent can be achieved during the out-of-eclipse season and during the eclipse season, respectively. An investigation of the estimated ECOM D0 parameters indicated that the β-angle dependence that is evident in the ECOM-only solution is no longer present in the ECOM + APR solution.
Highlights
Following the completion of the first deployment phase, which involved a constellation consisting of 5 satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO), 5 in inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO), and 4 in medium earth orbit (MEO), the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has been officially providing continuous passive positioning, navigation and timing services for users throughout the Asia-Pacific area since December 27, 2012
The errors introduced into a Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE)-only solution by the neglect of the IGGBSPM contribution are strongly correlated between one day and the and exert little effect on the overlap statistics[28,30]
The numerical integration results and the SLR residual results after precise orbit determination using the Empirical CODE Orbit Model (ECOM) solar radiation pressure (SRP) model with and without enhancement with the analytical SRP model developed in this study are evaluated separately
Summary
Following the completion of the first deployment phase, which involved a constellation consisting of 5 satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO), 5 in inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO), and 4 in medium earth orbit (MEO), the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has been officially providing continuous passive positioning, navigation and timing services for users throughout the Asia-Pacific area since December 27, 2012. Liu, J. et al.[7] applied a four-step analysis to determine the optimized and smallest subset of the ECOM 9 SRP model for BeiDou GEO satellites and proposed a new empirical SRP model called BGSM, which includes three constants and three periodic terms (sine terms in the D and X directions and a cosine term in the Y direction), for BeiDou GEO satellites These studies have shown that the root mean square (RMS) of the orbit overlap during the out-of-eclipse season can reach [1,2] decimetres for MEO/IGSO satellites and several decimetres for GEO satellites. In the third class of SRP models, additional constraints are applied to enhance ECOM12–14 These studies have demonstrated RMS orbit overlap comparison accuracies of approximately 20 centimetres for MEO/IGSO satellites and several metres for GEO satellites. It would be advantageous to develop a more appropriate SRP model for all types of BeiDou satellites
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