Abstract
This article presents a new optical, multi-functional, high-resolution 3-axis sensor which serves to navigate and can, for example, replace standard joysticks in medical devices such as electric wheelchairs, surgical robots or medical diagnosis devices. A light source, e.g., a laser diode, is affixed to a movable axis and projects a random geometric shape on an image sensor (CMOS or CCD). The downstream microcontroller’s software identifies the geometric shape’s center, distortion and size, and then calculates x, y, and z coordinates, which can be processed in attached devices. Depending on the image sensor in use (e.g., 6.41 megapixels), the 3-axis sensor features a resolution of 1544 digits from right to left and 1038 digits up and down. Through interpolation, these values rise by a factor of 100. A unique feature is the exact reproducibility (deflection to coordinates) and its precise ability to return to its neutral position. Moreover, optical signal processing provides a high level of protection against electromagnetic and radio frequency interference. The sensor is adaptive and adjustable to fit a user’s range of motion (stroke and force). This recommendation aims to optimize sensor systems such as joysticks in medical devices in terms of safety, ease of use, and adaptability.
Highlights
The use of sensors as an interface between people and machines is becoming increasingly important in our society
Depending on the image sensor in use (e.g., 6.41 megapixels), the 3-axis sensor features a resolution of 1544 digits from right to left and 1038 digits up and down
Disabled people with spinal cord injury (SCI) [3] usually do not have the fine motor ability required to carry out such an action
Summary
The use of sensors as an interface between people and machines is becoming increasingly important in our society. This disease affects between 1 in 3500 to 6000 male babies per year in the United States [6] These diseases usually require a custom input device in order to enable users to operate electric wheelchairs or computers. There are muscular diseases such as progression of the spring force and the very limited movement of the sensor axis generates a natural muscular dystrophy This disease affects between 1 in 3500 to 6000 male babies per year in the United force feedback. New control systems such as eye tracking, voice control, and brain-computer interfaces tend to be Optical methods for determining positions aremake wellit difficult knowntoand are described in the following problematic [7,8,9,10,11] These types of input methods perform precise and complex control actions simultaneously. These include: The movement carrier’s ability to return to its exact position of rest after deflection
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