Abstract
In this paper, we construct a new 1′ × 1′ global seafloor topography model, BAT_VGG2021, using the satellite altimetric vertical gravity gradient anomaly model (VGG), SIO curv_30.1.nc, and ship soundings. Approximately 74.66 million single-beam depths and more than 180 GB of multibeam grids were downloaded and adopted from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), and Geosciences Australia (GA). The SIO curv_30.1.nc model was used to predict seafloor topography at 15~160 km wavelengths, and ship soundings were used to calibrate topography to VGG ratios. The accuracy of the new BAT_VGG2021 model was assessed by comparing it with ship soundings and existing models. The results indicate that the standard deviation of differences between the predicted model and ship soundings is about 40~80 m, and ~93% of the differences are within 100 m, similar to that of the SIO topo_20.1.nc model. The new BAT_VGG2021 model shows better accuracy than the DTU18BAT, ETOPO1, and GEBCO_08 models, and has been improved significantly from our last model, BAT_VGG2014.
Highlights
The seafloor covers ~71% of the solid earth and has diverse tectonic features
The accuracy of the new model was assessed by comparing it with ship soundings and existing models such as Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO) topo_20.1.nc, DTU18BAT, ETOPO1, GEBCO_08, and BAT_VGG2014 [23,24]
The results show that the transform functions work like band-pass filters
Summary
The seafloor covers ~71% of the solid earth and has diverse tectonic features. Knowledge of the seafloor topography (seawater depth) plays a pivotal role in geosciences research, resource exploitation, and environmental protection, etc. A series of global seafloor topography models, constructed with altimetric data and ship soundings, were published by the Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Wuhan University (WHU), and the International. Most of the publicly available seafloor topography models, such as SIO topo_20.1.nc and DTU18BAT, have been predicted from altimetric gravity anomalies. While scientists have suggested that the vertical gravity gradient anomaly (VGG) may be used to strengthen seafloor topography at short wavelengths [17], few papers have been published [18,19,20,21]. We construct a new 10 × 10 global seafloor topography model using ship soundings and the latest version of the VGG model. The accuracy of the new model was assessed by comparing it with ship soundings and existing models such as SIO topo_20.1.nc, DTU18BAT, ETOPO1, GEBCO_08, and BAT_VGG2014 [23,24]
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