Abstract
The last twenty years have been seen to extensive research on stress providing considerable insight into the biological basis of stress–fight and flight response, autonomic nervous systems and immune systems and cognitive functions interactions like attention, memory, and creativity. Rapid change and development in the field of technology have made the world more competitive. This competency has made life more stressful. This paper encompasses the previous studies conducted till date on stress across the globe, based on neurobiology, sources, and Impact of stress. An extensive literature search with key words stress, sources of stress, Impact of stress and coping strategies and have yielded many studies. In the present chapter, we have focused on how stress affects the cognition, immune system and hormones. These articles were collected mainly from online databases EBSCO and ProQuest. The studies have shown that stressful situations reduce working memory, attention, and concentration resulting in poor work efficiency/performance. The critical issues for future research have been identified and discussed based on the shortcomings of previous literature.
Highlights
Often in literature we find two ways of defining stress i.e. psychological stress and biological stress
Whereas Psychological stress occurs when an individual perceives that environmental demands tax or exceed his or her adaptive capacity [1] [2]; biological stress on the other hand has been defined as any change in the environment that changes or threatens to change and existing optimal steady state [3]
A qualitative study on Academic stress among students has shown that students exhibiting limited social interaction, alteration in eating habits and aggressive behaviour [6]
Summary
Abstract — The last twenty years have been seen to extensive research on stress providing considerable insight into the biological basis of stress–fight and flight response, autonomic nervous systems and immune systems and cognitive functions interactions like attention, memory and creativity. Rapid change and development in the field of technology have made the world more competitive. This competency has made life more stressful. This paper encompasses the previous studies conducted till date on stress across the globe, based on neurobiology, sources and Impact of stress. An extensive literature search with key words stress, sources of stress, Impact of stress and coping strategies and have yielded many studies. In the present chapter we have focused on how stress affects the cognition, immune system and hormones. These articles were collected mainly from online databases EBSCO and ProQuest.
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