A Neocomian Chironomid and Podonominae‐Aphroteniinae (Diptera) in the Light of Phylogenetics and Biogeography

Abstract

AbstractBrundin, L. (Section of Entomology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, S‐10405 Stockholm, Sweden.) A Neocomian chironomid and Podonominae‐Aphroteniinae (Diptera) in the light of phylogenetics and biogeography. Zool. Scr. 5 (3–4): 139–160, 1976.—Called upon by a criticism by Schlee in 1975 the present paper delivers a renewed investigation of the monophyly of the subfamilies Podonominae and Aphroteniinae and their position in the Chironomidae hierarchy. The validity of the conclusions reached by Brundin in 1966 is confirmed. Additional evidence is given by new cases of synapomorphy and unique parallelism. The concepts inside‐and outside‐parallelism are introduced. It is shown that Schlee, being unaware of the implications of geographical vicariance and different cases of true parallelism, and of the consequences of unequal cleavage and unequal deviation, differs from the methodological approach of Hennig and Brundin. —Libanochlites neocomicus gen.n., sp.n. from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon is described and its phylogenetic position and biogeographical significance discussed and integrated with reviews of the Jurassic‐Cretaceous history of Podonominae and Aphroteniinae.