Abstract
Great powers (the United States, Russia, China), European leading powers (France, Italy, Germany) and regional powers (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey) have been using different hard and soft foreign policy tools in the civil war-torn Libya in order to pursue their own interests. The ongoing offensive launched by Khalifa Haftar in April 2019 complicates further the Libyan political landscape; it will also affect the influence and relations within Libya of the above mentioned powers. Their interests remain unchanged; however, the foreign policy tools used by the international actors can harden, which compounds further the stabilisation of Libya.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
