A near-UV reconnaissance of metal-poor massive stars

Abstract

We use synthetic model spectra to investigate the potential of near-ultraviolet (3000-4050 Å) observations of massive O-type stars. We highlight the He I λ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\lambda $$\\end{document}3188 and He II λ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\lambda $$\\end{document}3203 pair as a potential temperature diagnostic in this range, supported by estimates of gravity using the high Balmer series lines. The near-ultraviolet also contains important metallic lines for determinations of chemical abundances (oxygen in particular) and estimates of projected rotational velocities for O-type spectra. Using the model spectra we present performance estimates for observations of extragalactic massive stars with the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The high efficiency of CUBES will open-up exciting new possibilities in the study of massive stars in external galaxies. For instance, CUBES will provide new insights into the physical properties of O-type stars, including oxygen abundances, in metal-poor irregular galaxies at ∼\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\sim $$\\end{document}1 Mpc from integrations of just 2-3 hrs. Moreover, CUBES will bring quantitative spectroscopy of more distant targets within reach for the first time, such as the O-type star (V ∼\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\sim $$\\end{document} 21.5 mag) in Leo P (at 1.6 Mpc) in only half a night of observations.