Abstract
BackgroundModifying the built environment by improving parks is potentially a sustainable way to increase population level physical activity. Despite considerable investment in parks and park renovations, few natural experiments on the impact of improving amenities on park use and park-based physical activity have been conducted. REVAMP is a natural experiment that aims to examine whether park improvement increases overall park usage, park-based physical activity and active travel to and from the park in the intervention compared with the control park over a two-year period; and to identify which specific aspects of the park refurbishment attracts park visitors and encourages park users to be more active. This paper describes the methods of the REVAMP study.MethodsThe intervention park is a large regional park (329 hectares) located in a low socio-economic status (SES) area in the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. The control park is a regional park (120 hectares) located in a high SES area in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Multiple methodologies to evaluate the impact of the park renovation are being employed including: cross-sectional surveys of local residents living near the two parks, direct observations of park users, intercept surveys with park users, and electronic monitoring of path usage and car traffic within the parks. Baseline measures were conducted in April-May 2013 (T1), and an innovative play space suitable for children of all ages and abilities was installed at the intervention park between September 2013 and February 2014. Follow-up measures will be repeated in April-May 2014 (T2) and April-May 2015 (T3). All methodologies will be completed at both the intervention and control parks at all three time-points, with the exception of the cross-sectional survey of local residents which will only be conducted at T1 and T3.ConclusionThis research will inform future park developments, and will contribute to creating an evidence base of the impact of park refurbishment, and the development of natural experiment methodology.Trial RegistrationCurrent controlled trial ISRCTN50745547, registration date 11.1.2014.
Highlights
Modifying the built environment by improving parks is potentially a sustainable way to increase population level physical activity
Research shows that park availability, proximity and access are associated with higher overall levels of physical activity [2] and spending time in parks can be restorative and beneficial to mental health [3]
Given that physical inactivity is a major contributor to the burden of chronic disease, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and overweight and obesity [6,7], understanding how to attract residents to parks and encourage park users to be physically active is an important public health goal
Summary
Modifying the built environment by improving parks is potentially a sustainable way to increase population level physical activity. Parks may encourage physical activity in two ways: as an important destination to which people walk or cycle (i.e. active transport) [8] and as a destination for physical activity whereby the presence of a high quality park may encourage increased physical activity within the park [9] Both of these ‘opportunities’ for physical activity may make substantial contributions to overall physical activity levels and benefit public health. An Australian study found that a wider range of activities, including sedentary behaviours such as picnics and sitting, took place in more attractive parks [12] While this may benefit mental health, without active transportation to the park, it will have little impact on physical activity and risk of chronic disease. Understanding specific park features that attract users and encourage park-based physical activity is important
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