A Nationwide Cohort Study on Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease among Human Growth Hormone Recipients

Abstract

Objective: In 1991, a Dutch patient who had been treated from 1963 to 1969 with human-derived growth hormone died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). This study was performed to investigate whether among other Dutch human growth hormone recipients there were clinically suspected cases of iatrogenic CJD. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, all patients (n = 564) treated with human-derived growth hormone before May 1985 and recorded in the Dutch National Growth Registry were followed up until January 1995 for a clinical diagnosis of CJD. For this purpose, all human growth hormone recipients were linked to a database of the Foundation for Health Care Information comprising hospital discharges with a clinical diagnosis of iatrogenic CJD. Linkage of the two databases was performed on the basis of date of birth and gender. Subsequently, verification of patient’s name and initials of the positively matched pairs took place. Results: Linkage provided 37 positively matched pairs concerning 29 individual patients. After verification, no name from the hospital discharge records corresponded to the names of the human growth hormone recipients. Conclusion: The follow-up of 564 Dutch human growth hormone recipients, who had been treated with human growth hormone until 1985 did not establish any clinically suspected case of iatrogenic CJD. Future cases, however, can still emerge due to the potentially long incubation period of prion diseases.