Abstract
Dramatic progress has been made in the last several years in our understanding of the properties of neutrinos with evidence for neutrino flavor transformation coming from measurements of atmospheric neutrinos by SuperKamiokande, of solar neutrinos by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO), and of reactor neutrinos by KamLAND. These results are a step in the ongoing program of science that is carried out in underground laboratories. The potential for additional significant discoveries with new capabilities in underground laboratories exists and should be exploited. Discoveries are likely to be made not only in nuclear and particle physics, but also in astrophysics, geophysics, and geobiology. A concerted effort is now underway in the United States to create a National Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (NUSEL) that would provide the facilities and infrastructure necessary to capitalize on the opportunities presented by underground science.
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