A narrative review of treatment modalities for familial hypercholesterolemia

Abstract

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH), a commonly missed disorder in a patient with abnormalities in lipid metabolism is described as a heritable disorder presenting elevated LDL cholesterol and lipid deposition in various tissues. This contributes to the early development of manifestations of atherosclerotic disease with the preterm occurrence of severe cardiovascular events. Apparently, decision-making is a strenuous effort and many individuals are underdiagnosed. FH affects LDL receptor and its function plays a critical role in the mechanism of many therapeutic modalities, thus alternative pathways must also be considered. This review addresses the main options of care in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia along with unconventional drugs like mipomersen, inclisiran, lomitapide, gamcabene, and ANGLT3 inhibitors which have yielded important results for disease management.