Abstract
In this article, we proposed a multiparameter joint estimation algorithm based on the dual-polarized cylindrical conformal array (DCCA) in the presence of mutual coupling. Using the characteristic of the dual-polarized cylindrical conformal array, 2D direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation can be divided into 1D estimations of elevation and azimuth. Sensors on the boundary of the DCCA are set as auxiliary sensors to eliminate the influence of mutual coupling. Then, elevation can be estimated by the generalized eigenvalues utilizing signal subspace eigenvectors (GEESE). After that, polarization sensitivity can be eliminated by projection transformation and the proposed dual-polarized forward-backward smoothing algorithm. Consequently, a dual-polarized spatial spectrum can be developed to estimate the azimuth based on the estimated elevation. Furthermore, the angles of the signals can be reestimated to improve the accuracy of DOA estimation. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Highlights
Conformal arrays are widely used in aircraft, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and other fields for the advantages of saving space, good aerodynamic characteristics, reducing radar cross-section, and increasing angular coverage [1]
In [5, 6], an iterative self-correction algorithm is proposed, which gradually obtains the optimal solution of angle and mutual coupling through loop iteration. is kind of multidimensional nonlinear solution algorithm has a large amount of calculation and is easy to fall into local optimum
A dual-polarized cylindrical conformal array with 10 × 15 elements is considered. e array elements adopt the dual-polarized patch antennas. e spacing between the adjacent elements is half the wavelength. e patterns of the antenna elements are as follows [19]: 120 150
Summary
Conformal arrays are widely used in aircraft, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and other fields for the advantages of saving space, good aerodynamic characteristics, reducing radar cross-section, and increasing angular coverage [1]. Due to the limited layout space of the conformal array, the electromagnetic coupling between the array elements becomes more serious [2] This effect will significantly degrade the performance of most existing DOA estimation methods. In [7], an effective DOA estimation algorithm for the conformal array is proposed in the presence of mutual coupling. In [8], a method is proposed to realize the joint estimation of mutual coupling and angle using an auxiliary element. Scholars have proposed some DOA estimation algorithms for conformal array considering only polarization sensitivity or mutual coupling. Ese algorithms can achieve effective DOA estimation when only considering mutual coupling or polarization sensitivity, but they are no longer applicable with both of them. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed method
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