Abstract
In this study, fresh and 12 month stored virgin olive oils (VOOs) were monitored with Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) as a quick, non-destructive and no chemical used method. Principal component analysis (PCA) chemometric procedure was used to discriminate those in terms of diversity parameters (cultivar and growing area of olives) and detect possible chemical differences on lipid structure at the end of storage time. In this way, analyses were carried on at the beginning of the storage time and were repeated at the end of the storage time. 1488–924 cm−1 band gave the best (PC1: 98%) discrimination at the beginning of storage. It was also observed that symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydroperoxides (3008, 2924, 1745 cm−1) were found to be more intense at the end of the storage time. Moreover, 3080–2790 cm−1 band gave the best (PC1: 96%) discrimination after 12 month expiry. In conclusion, FTIR spectroscopy was demonstrated to be a rapid tool with chemometric evaluation for accurate discrimination of olive oils based on cultivar and geographic origin.
Highlights
After subtraction against air spectra, all virgin olive oils (VOOs) were scanned with an ATR-FTIR spectrometer using OPUS NT 6.0 spectroscopic software (Bruker Tensor II, Bruker Optics Inc., Billerica, Milano, Italy) in the range from 4000 to 400 cmÀ1 with a resolution of 4 cmÀ1 at 20 scans and at controlled ambient temperature (20 °C)
Characteristic FTIR spectra of VOOs both at the beginning and at the end of storage were shown for the 3600–600 cmÀ1 region (Fig. 1)
The major peaks at 1744 and 2922 cmÀ1 could be explained as C=O stretching and CH2 asymmetric stretching motions, respectively (Silverstein et al, 1981; Guillèn and Cabo, 2000; Maggio et al, 2009). It could be newly observed in this work that ∼2873, ∼1417, ∼1402, ∼1377, ∼1322 and ∼1305 cmÀ1 peaks disappeared due to fragmentation or derivatization and ∼1062 cmÀ1 peak generated after 12 month storage
Summary
North part of Aegean Region (Ayvalık town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Ayvalık town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Ayvalık town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Edremit town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Edremit town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Ayvalık town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Cunda Island, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (Edremit town, Balıkesir) North part of Aegean Region (all town mixture) North part of Aegean Region (all town mixture) South part of Aegean Region (all town mixture) No information
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