Abstract
Turbulent dispersion causes sediment particles to be transported from high concentration regions to low concentration regions and determines the concentration distribution of suspended sediment. In this study, a new turbulent dispersion model is proposed for large-scale flows with suspended sediment. Two Stokes numbers are used to describe the turbulent dispersion through the Schmidt number: (1) st≡τp/τf, where τp is the particle response time and τf the fluid turbulence time scale, and (2) stη≡τp/τη, where τη is the Kolmogorov time scale. The former is used to account for interaction between large eddies and sediment particles, while the latter for small eddies. The new turbulent dispersion model is validated against experimental data available for open channel flows under a wide range of conditions for dilute flows: the volume concentration of suspended sediment could vary from 10-6 to 0.08, st could vary from 2×10-3 to 8 and stη could vary from 2×10-2 to 60.
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