Abstract
When a capacitive voltage divider (CVD) in a component is calibrated, the introduction of a standard high-voltage (HV) probe usually affects the original field distribution of this component. Therefore, the voltage ratio of the CVD is affected, especially when the distance between the HV probe and the CVD is close. A multiple-approximation method to calibrate the CVD of gas switches in Tesla-type generator without a standard HV probe is being put forward. The basic idea is to calculate the theoretical switch voltage uth based on the equivalent circuit of this type of generators and to use uth to substitute the real voltage ur acquired by the standard HV probe to calculate the voltage ratio β for the CVD of a gas switch. Since the gas-gap resistance Rs of the switch is not zero, uth is not equal to ur, and β therefore deviates from the real value β0. To solve this question, two steps are implemented: first, β(d) at different gas-gap distances d is obtained; second, the true voltage ratio β(0) when d = 0 is extrapolated. The theoretical basis of this method was analyzed first. Then, it is verified by experiments. In the end, the uncertainty of this method is evaluated.
Highlights
The measurement and diagnosis system in a pulse power generator is of great importance since it is the direct way to evaluate the performance of the generator.1,2 The measurement of a generator comprises voltage measurement and current measurement
The voltage ratio should be ascertained first after the establishment of the voltage measurement system, which is usually finished via a standard high-voltage (HV) probe, such as P6015A; that is, the real waveform ur is measured via P6015A, and the attenuated waveform up is measured via the built-in voltage probe
As to the capacitive voltage divider (CVD) used to monitor the switch voltage in Tesla-type generators, the standard HV probe needs to be connected to the switch to acquire the real waveform
Summary
The measurement and diagnosis system in a pulse power generator is of great importance since it is the direct way to evaluate the performance of the generator. The measurement of a generator comprises voltage measurement and current measurement. As to the capacitive voltage divider (CVD) used to monitor the switch voltage in Tesla-type generators, the standard HV probe needs to be connected to the switch to acquire the real waveform. Some points need to be stressed for the two cases of the equivalent circuit: (1) The transition case, when the pulse width τ is close to the circuit constant Δt, is usually avoided by designers since the mathematical relation between Uo(t) and Uo(t) is complicated, (2) the linear case is more simple than the integration case because the latter needs an extra circuit for re-constructing the waveform of Ui(t), whereas the former needs no circuit, and (3) due to the simple form of the linear case, CVDs of such a case are widely used for measuring the voltage in TPG-series Tesla-type generators..
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