Abstract
Evacuation time is often the choice of measure of effectiveness (MOE) and the objective function to minimize for evacuation planning, as time is sometime considered a surrogate for risk. However, the actual risk of evacuation operations also depends significantly on other factors, such as the space and time-space based factors related to hazard type and meteorological and geographical conditions. By analyzing different risk factors at evacuations, this paper presents a multi-objective optimization approach for evacuation planning. Through two case studies, it shows by combing the space-based risk and the travel time in route searching and traffic assignment, efficiency and safety of evacuation operations may be balanced and improved.
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