A multi-objective optimization and sustainability of H2S conversion into sulfur by claus process using symmetry simulation

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an extremely toxic acid gas and is regarded as one of the primary sources of corrosion and odor problems. The work proposed the Claus process, considering the economic, environmental, and safety requirements are the three pillars of sustainability. The proposed Claus process annual benefit, global warming potential (GWP), fire explosion damage index (FEDI), and toxicity damage index (TDI) were estimated utilizing techno-economic analysis, life-cycle assessment, and hazard identification rating techniques. Then, a multi-objective optimization problem was devised and solved to maximize benefit while minimizing GWP, FEDI, and TDI. The process is simulated using Symmetry simulation software to vary acid feed gas capacity and hydrogen sulfide concentration. The simulation results were used to assess the operating conditions of the sustainability pillars in a comparative manner. According to the findings of this study, the Claus process performed better in terms of profitability, the fire and explosion damage index (FEDI), the toxicity damage index (TDI), and the probability of global warming are all factors to consider (GWP). Based on variable feed capacities and hydrogen sulfide concentrations, the regression models created demonstrated the ability to predict the sustainable approach for hydrogen sulfide conversion employed in the industry. According to the results, the Claus process is expected to be the most sustainable strategy for hydrogen sulphide conversion throughout most of the conversion spectrum.