Abstract
The principle of spatial selectivity of a receiving system, which comprises several microphones distributed on a spherical boundary surface and one microphone at the center of the space enclosed by the boundary, is introduced in accordance with the theorem expressed by Kirchhoff's integral equation. The output from each of the boundary microphones are processed in the following way. Each signal is first delayed and then differentiated in both time and space in the direction normal to the spherical boundary. All of the delayed and differentiated signals are added together with appropriate weighting. The system output is finally obtained by subtracting the weighted sum from the output of the center microphone. The system output contains no components of external noise from the outside of the spherical boundary. Simulation studies were carried out for various numbers of microphones and for different ratios of signal wavelength to the radius of the spherical boundary and for both plane and spherical incident waves.
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