Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease affecting joints and bones. Current treatment mainly involves non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Developing effective drug delivery systems is crucial for future OA therapy. We synthesized a novel Ho(III) coordination polymer, denoted as [Ho(bta)0.5(ox)0.5(H2O)2]·2H2O (1), via hydrothermal reaction of Ho(NO3)3·6H2O with oxalic acid (H2ox) and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4bta) ligands. Fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated excellent blue fluorescence emission of complex 1 (CIE standard coordinates: (0.1421, 0.1148)), suggesting its potential as a novel fluorescent material for applications such as anti-counterfeiting, sensing, and fluorescence labeling. Utilizing biocompatible and anti-inflammatory hydroxyapatite (HA) and cholesterol (CHOL), we successfully synthesized amphiphilic polymer HA-CHOL and applied it for encapsulating 1@NSAIDs to prepare HA-CHOL-1@NSAIDs. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of this new system for OA, we established an in vitro cell model and assessed the impact of HA-CHOL-1@NSAIDs on OA progression. Molecular docking simulations suggested potential binding interactions between carboxyl groups on complex 1 and receptor proteins, with multiple hydrogen bonds formed, indicating strong interactions.
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