A Multifunctional Antenna with a Small Form Factor: Designing a Novel Series-Fed Compact Triangular Microstrip Ring Resonator Antenna Array

Abstract

This article examines a noval series-fed triangular microstrip ring resonator (TMRR) antenna array. Each radiating element is made up of a wavelength-long microstrip line with the two ends joined together to form an isosceles triangle. The antenna array is fed by an N-shaped microstrip feed line and excited by a coaxial feed probe. The operational mechanism of the proposed feed system in terms of its electrodynamics is examined with respect to its relative size occupancy, dispersion along the feed line, and the feed effect on the spatial orientation of the propagated radio waves. The size occupancy of the antenna array is 45 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> × 60 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with a measured reflection coefficient S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> of -27.5 dB at a resonant frequency of 5.76 GHz. The simulated S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> is -29.2 dB at a resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz. The measured gain is roughly 10.46 dBi using the absolute gain method. The resulting antenna array is compact in size and exhibits reasonable performance in terms of gain, reflection coefficient, low mass/volume, and weight.