Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of cognitive disorders in the elderly population increases with time. Cognitive intervention is a broad field that uses different means to increase or maintain these capacities. Multifactor programs work with several aspects involved in cognitive processing simultaneously incorporating cognitive, metacognitive and psychosocial strategies. The aim of the present study is to implement and asses the efficacy of a multifactorial program for cognitive and metacognitive enhancement of self‐validated older adults.MethodDesign: Comparative, pre‐post, longitudinal intervention study. Self‐validated subjects over 60 years. Mental Fit participants (n= 47) (M= 70,04 years old; ds= 8.07 years) and controls in the community(n= 57) (M= 69.92 years old; ds= 7.31 years) were assed at the begging and at the end of the program. Instruments: Questionnaire of Social Demographic Data (built ad hoc), Brief Neuropsychological assessment for memory and attention. Metacognition: Metamemory Questionnaire, Inventory of Verbal Episodic Memory Self‐efficacy. Procedure: All the participants of the Intervention group took part in the "Memory Fit" seminar. The “Memory Fit” seminar has a duration of 8 sessions of 90 minutes each, where theoretical and practical tools are provided to improve cognitive performance in everyday life and they were also invited to take part in other activities like academical, artistic workshops, and specialist's talks about healthy habits. Controls were assed twice with eight weeks of difference between the first and second evaluation.ResultsResults reveal that when comparing the groups, statistically significant differences can be observed in favor of Mental Fit participants in: memory self‐efficacy measures before intervention (M=7.5 , SD=1.93) and after (M=8.26 , SD =1.91 t (‐2.5)= ; p <.01, metamemory before (M=119,80, SD=16.96) and after (M=135,41 , SD =19.68 t (5.06)= ; p <.000, and delay recall of a word's list before(M=7.17 ;SD=2.4)and after (M=8.05 , SD =2.5 t (‐2.6)= ; p <.01.ConclusionOur findings concur with those presented in scientific literature and support the WHO recommendations regarding the need to implement intervention programs for older adults. The inclusion of cognitive training is an approach that can help cognitively vulnerable older adults and promote healthy cognitive aging.
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