A Multi-Domain Group-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity, Healthy Nutrition, and Psychological Wellbeing in Older People with Losses in Intrinsic Capacity: AMICOPE Development Study.

Sergi Blancafort Alias,Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi,Àlex Domingo,Eva Heras Muxella,Joan Carles Contel,Nicolás Martínez-Velilla,Maria Anglada,Maria Eugenia Soto,Jordi Amblàs,César Cuevas-Lara,Antoni Salvà Casanovas,Céline Mathieu,Sebastià Santaeugènia,Pablo Garibaldi,Neda Tavassoli

doi:10.3390/ijerph18115979

Abstract

The World Health Organization has developed the Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) strategy, a program based on the measurement of intrinsic capacity (IC) as “the composite of all physical and mental attributes on which an individual can draw”. Multicomponent interventions appear to be the most effective approach to enhance IC and to prevent frailty and disability since adapted physical activity is the preventive intervention that has shown the most evidence in the treatment of frailty and risk of falls. Our paper describes the development of a multi-domain group-based intervention addressed to older people living in the community, aimed at improving and/or maintaining intrinsic capacity by means of promoting physical activity, healthy nutrition, and psychological wellbeing in older people. The process of intervention development is described following the Guidance for reporting intervention development studies in health research (GUIDED). The result of this study is the AMICOPE intervention (Aptitude Multi-domain group-based intervention to improve and/or maintain IC in Older PEople) built upon the ICOPE framework and described following the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) guidelines. The intervention consists of 12 face-to-face sessions held weekly for 2.5 h over three months and facilitated by a pair of health and social care professionals. This study represents the first stage of the UK Medical Research Council framework for developing and evaluating a complex intervention. The next step should be carrying out a feasibility study for the AMICOPE intervention and, at a later stage, assessing the effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial.

Highlights

The incidence of severe disability has decreased in recent decades, especially in developed countries, the proportion of people with mild or moderate disability has increased [1]
The result of the study is a group-based multi-domain complex intervention deThe result of the study is a group-based multi-domain complex intervention described scribed according to the TIDieR (Template for intervention description and replication) according to the TIDieR (Template for intervention description and replication) guidelines
The intervention is called “AMICOPE” (Aptitude Multi-domain intervention to proThe intervention is called “AMICOPE” (Aptitude Multi-domain intervention to promote Intrinsic Capacity in Older PEople), and it is aimed at promoting physical activity, mote Intrinsic Capacity in Older PEople), and it is aimed at promoting physical activity, healthy nutrition and psychological wellbeing in older people living in the community

Summary

Introduction

The incidence of severe disability has decreased in recent decades, especially in developed countries, the proportion of people with mild or moderate disability has increased [1]. More than half of elderly patients are affected simultaneously by multiple diseases and take, simultaneously, four or more prescribed medicines, increasing the risk of drug-related interaction causing functional decline and side effects [2,3]. Health classifications and therapeutic recommendations with a single-disease approach have traditionally undervalued several health conditions, such as the so-called geriatric syndromes that negatively affect health and quality of life [4], amongst which frailty stands out. Frailty is defined as an age-related medical syndrome, caused by multiple causes and contributors negatively affecting the homeostatic reserves of the individual. This vulnerability predisposes the person to a high risk of negative outcomes [5,6]. Frail older people with the lowest income and educational level are the most vulnerable [7]

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