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Abstract
Abstract. The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis of quality-controlled fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) values for the global surface oceans and coastal seas with regular updates. Version 3 of SOCAT has 14.7 million fCO2 values from 3646 data sets covering the years 1957 to 2014. This latest version has an additional 4.6 million fCO2 values relative to version 2 and extends the record from 2011 to 2014. Version 3 also significantly increases the data availability for 2005 to 2013. SOCAT has an average of approximately 1.2 million surface water fCO2 values per year for the years 2006 to 2012. Quality and documentation of the data has improved. A new feature is the data set quality control (QC) flag of E for data from alternative sensors and platforms. The accuracy of surface water fCO2 has been defined for all data set QC flags. Automated range checking has been carried out for all data sets during their upload into SOCAT. The upgrade of the interactive Data Set Viewer (previously known as the Cruise Data Viewer) allows better interrogation of the SOCAT data collection and rapid creation of high-quality figures for scientific presentations. Automated data upload has been launched for version 4 and will enable more frequent SOCAT releases in the future. High-profile scientific applications of SOCAT include quantification of the ocean sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and its long-term variation, detection of ocean acidification, as well as evaluation of coupled-climate and ocean-only biogeochemical models. Users of SOCAT data products are urged to acknowledge the contribution of data providers, as stated in the SOCAT Fair Data Use Statement. This ESSD (Earth System Science Data) "living data" publication documents the methods and data sets used for the assembly of this new version of the SOCAT data collection and compares these with those used for earlier versions of the data collection (Pfeil et al., 2013; Sabine et al., 2013; Bakker et al., 2014). Individual data set files, included in the synthesis product, can be downloaded here: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.849770. The gridded products are available here: doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.SOCAT_V3_GRID.
Highlights
The oceans represent a vast reservoir for carbon, mainly in the form of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), made up of the species bicarbonate, carbonate and dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2)
The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas provides a key synthesis data set of surface ocean f CO2 for global and regional scientific studies of the ocean carbon sink and ocean acidification
This new capability is an important step in the ongoing Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) automation effort and integrates data and metadata upload,calculation of f CO2, automated data checks, data visualisation and data submission in a single application which is tightly coupled to the SOCAT quality control (QC) Editor
Summary
The oceans represent a vast reservoir for carbon, mainly in the form of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), made up of the species bicarbonate, carbonate and dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2). Several model-to-data comparison studies suggest that models underestimate the spatial and temporal variation in surface ocean f CO2 and the ocean carbon sink (Séférian et al, 2014; Turi et al, 2014; Rödenbeck et al, 2015) Such results could only be achieved because of the huge progress that has been made in data collection efforts like SOCAT. The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (http://www.socat.info/) provides a key synthesis data set of surface ocean f CO2 for global and regional scientific studies of the ocean carbon sink and ocean acidification. This is the first version of the SOCAT “living data” and is closely associated with earlier ESSD publications describing SOCAT versions 1 (Pfeil et al, 2013; Sabine et al, 2013) and 2 (Bakker et al, 2014)
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