Abstract
In this paper, we present a cross layer cooperative medium access control (CMAC) protocol with energy harvesting (EH) capability. The small energy capacity and size of wireless nodes pose a great challenge to the longevity of wireless networks due to the cost of ensuring a reliable communication link between transmitting nodes characterized by path-loss, shadowing and fading effects. Besides, the inability of existing CMAC protocols to exhibit multi-objective target orientation limits their adaptation to the dynamic network requirements. To address this problem, we propose a protocol that harnesses the radio frequency (RF) EH in the physical layer to enhance the throughput, end to end delay, energy efficiency and network lifetime of energy constraint wireless networks. This ensures that beneficial cooperation is achieved in fairness and multi-objective target-oriented protocol. We then investigate the performance of deploying a selective time-switching relaying (TSR) and power-splitting relaying (PSR) schemes in the MAC layer stack for a decode-and-forward (DF) reactive relaying distributed network. In addition, the quality of service requirement, outage probability, and network lifetime optimization techniques, respectively were utilized for optimal power allocation. Also, we propose a distributed and adaptive relay selection algorithm to select the best helper node that improves the network performance and balance the network energy consumption. The results of simulation show that a multi-objective target orientation can be achieved by the proposed EH-CMAC protocol and outperforms EAP-CMAC protocol with respect to throughput, end to end delay, network lifetime and energy efficiency.
Highlights
The wireless networks research community has over the past few years witnessed a considerable breakthrough in improving the network performance, through the emergence of advanced network architecture such as 5G networks for internet-of-things (IoT) applications
We propose a new energy harvesting (EH)-cooperative medium access control (CMAC) protocol that able to attain a multi-objective target orientation in a DF EH enabled reactive relaying wireless ad-hoc networks by transmitting in different methods based on the instantaneous network requirements
At N = 25, EH-CMAC with power-splitting relaying (PSR) using network lifetime optimization has a gain of about 7.80% over EH-CMAC with time-switching relaying (TSR) using same technique, 25.70% over EH-CMAC with PSR using outage probability QoS requirement technique, 1.04% over TPSR-CMAC using transmit power optimization, 28.98% over LEA-CMAC, 37.56% over EAP-CMAC and 41.02% over CoopMAC protocol
Summary
The wireless networks research community has over the past few years witnessed a considerable breakthrough in improving the network performance, through the emergence of advanced network architecture such as 5G networks for internet-of-things (IoT) applications. The EH-CMAC protocol exhibits a different transmission methods This helps to ensure that the protocol can enhance the network’s energy efficiency, lifetime and throughput based on the instantaneous network information and requirements. We propose a new EH-CMAC protocol that able to attain a multi-objective target orientation in a DF EH enabled reactive relaying wireless ad-hoc networks by transmitting in different methods based on the instantaneous network requirements. We adopted the TSR and PSR EH schemes in a selective manner in the proposed EH-CMAC protocol based on network information requirements to improve the performance of the network This is achieved by having different transmission methods to analyze the outage probability QoS requirement [19] and by formulating a network lifetime optimization problem.
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