A multi-objective model for sustainable closed-loop supply chain of perishable products under two carbon emission regulations

A decision model for a strategic closed-loop supply chain to reclaim End-of-Life Vehicles

A proactive model in sustainable food supply chain: Insight from a case study

The acquisition strategy of returned products has become essential in the study of reverse supply chain. There are three primary activities included in the process of a the reverse supply chain, the acquisition of returned products, the remanufacturing process, and redistribution. This literature review intends to study the existing relationship amongst supply chain players in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model. In the remanufacturing process performed by the company, returned products must be collected from consumers. Therefore, remanufacturing companies rely upon consumers as cores suppliers. This makes the good relationship between the two become crucial in company operational sustainability successfully. In this study, the identified journal articles were categorized into types of structural relationships between supply chain players and network structures of a reverse supply chain. Types of structural relationships are ownership-based, service-contract, direct-order, deposit-based, credit-based, buy-back, and voluntary–based. There are four types of returned product collector and remanufacturer: Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), a third party (3PL), retailer, and remanufacturer. Discussion of the journal articles was presented in each category. After that, the structural relationship was explored to find its advantage and disadvantage, so that CLSC can be managed effectively and efficiently. As a summary, suggestions for future research were described as the result of the literature review conducted.

By considering the uncertainties in the closed-loop supply chain system with hybrid recycling channels, a fuzzy control model is constructed to restrain the bullwhip effect. Firstly, the basic models of the uncertain closed-loop supply chain with hybrid recycling channels are established where the manufacturer and the third party recovery provider collect the recycled products at the same time. Then, the basic models of the closed-loop supply chain are converted into a nonlinear fuzzy switching model based on the discrete Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy control system. Secondly, a fuzzy robust control method is utilized to reduce the impacts caused by the internal and external uncertain factors on the closed-loop supply chain. This method can not only restrain the bullwhip effect, but also make supply chain remain robust stability. Finally, the simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the constructed fuzzy control system.

This paper develops a model for the closed-loop supply chain network design with disruption risk. By considering supply disruption, two factors including extra inventory and lateral transshipment are used as resilience strategies. The main purpose is to reduce the supply chain costs due to the location decisions, quantity of products between different levels and lost sale. Disruption in a supply is assumed completely by different scenarios, and then the problem is formulated by a mixed-integer programming model. Furthermore, a two-stage stochastic approach is implemented to tackle uncertainty. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to examine the effects of the resilience strategies on the structure of the supply chain and to propose some managerial insight for using the model in real world situations.

본 연구에서는 적응형혼합유전알고리즘(Adaptive Hybrid Genetic Algorithm: AHGA) 접근법을 이용한 폐쇄루프 공급망(Closed-Loop Supply Chain: CLSC) 모델 최적화를 다루고 있다. CLSC 모델 구축을 위해 공급업체(Part Supplier), 제품제조업체(Product Manufacturer)등으로 구성된 전방향물류(Forward Logistics)와 수집업체(Collection Center), 회복센터(Recovery Center)등으로 구성된 역물류(Reverse Logistics)를 함께 고려하고 있다. 제안된 CLSC 모델은 수리모형(Mathematical Model)으로 표현되며, AHGA접근법을 이용해 이행되어 그 최적해를 구하게 된다. 수치실험에서는 기존연구에서 제안된 몇몇 접근법과 AHGA 접근법을 함께 사용하여 그 수행도를 비교분석하였다. The Optimization of a Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) Model Using an Adaptive Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (AHGA) Approach is Considered in this Paper. With Forward and Reverse Logistics as an Integrated Logistics Concept, The CLSC Model is Consisted of Various Facilities Such as Part Supplier, Product Manufacturer, Collection Center, Recovery Center, etc. A Mathematical Model and the AHGA Approach are Used for Representing and Implementing the CLSC Model, Respectively. Several Conventional Approaches Including the AHGA Approach are Used for Comparing their Performances in Numerical Experiment.

To meet the current environmental challenges and sustainable development, closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) management has become increasingly important and urgent. In this paper, we mainly consider three uncertainties: (1) uncertainty of time-delay in re-manufacturing and returns, (2) uncertainty of system cost parameters, (3) uncertainty of customers’ demand disturbances. Using control theories we dynamically analyse and establish a class of dynamic closed-loop supply chain models of linear discrete time system, including the product return model, the re-manufacturing model and the third party reverse logistic providers (3PRLP) collecting model. Furthermore, we analyse the robust operations in the closed-loop supply chains and bring forward relative strategies with robust H∞ control methods. Finally, according to the practical operations of scrap supply chain in the Chinese steel industry, we carry out some simulation calculations to prove how our proposed robust H∞ control strategies can restrain all uncertainties of our closed-loop supply chain system. Our analyses and results may be helpful for further insight into closed-loop supply chain uncertain operations and production control, for both theoretical researchers and practitioners, especially for those in the Chinese steel manufacturing industry.

In this paper, the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) models are extended to consider the case that the manufacturer can improve the product quality and the retailer can have effective marketing activities to promote the product. One centralized and three decentralized CLSC models are mathematically formulated in this paper. For the centralized CLSC model, the optimal solutions are derived in closed-form format analytically. For three decentralized CLSC models, by assuming the manufacturer is the leader, the equilibrium solutions are also obtained in closed-form format under the Stackelberg game settings. Based on the optimal/equilibrium solutions and the corresponding objective function values for the proposed models, several interesting managerial insights, and economic implications are obtained. Moreover, the proposed models with product quality improvement and marketing efforts are compared with the models with only product quality improvement effort and the models with only marketing effort. The results show that the performance of the proposed models with both product quality improvement and marketing efforts is better in the decentralized CLSC models.

Recently, with the environmental crisis, Green supply chain management (or GSCM), and in particular closed loop supply chain model, has received considerable attention by researchers. Closed loop supply chain model aims at reduction of waste and generating profit for enterprises through integrating forward and reverse logistics. Unfortunately, there is limited research on general models for closed loop supply chains in literature. In this paper, extending and enhancing previous models, a general model is proposed for closed loop supply chains using linear programming. The goal of this study is to minimize the leakage of a closed loop supply chain to avoid waste and reduce SCM costs.

Recently, with the environmental crisis, Green supply chain management (or GSCM), and in particular closed loop supply chain model, has received considerable attention by researchers. Closed loop supply chain model aims at reduction of waste and generating profit for enterprises through integrating forward and reverse logistics. Unfortunately, there is limited research on general models for closed loop supply chains in literature. In this paper, extending and enhancing previous models, a general model is proposed for closed loop supply chains using linear programming. The goal of this study is to minimize the leakage of a closed loop supply chain to avoid waste and reduce SCM costs.

Revenue sharing is the key to the steady operation of green agricultural products closed-loop supply chain. In addressing issues of revenue sharing, the previously Shapley value model only took the added value of each partner into consideration, regardless of the differences of the members inputs. So it is necessary to be modified. Considering the input factors, strive factors and risk factors respectively, a comprehensive modified Shapley value model is built for the profits allocation of green agriculture products closed-up supply chain.

Sustainability has become an important issue for companies and countries in the 21st century. Several nations have mandated stringent laws for 'product take back' when the product's useful life ends, forcing companies to respond with product redesign, changes in packaging and creative solutions to the problem of product recovery. The driving power for this is also associated with the realisation of the potential value that can be regained from reusing products, parts or materials. With e-commerce expansion, returns-related costs for companies have become more prominent because e-firms have higher return rates than their traditional counterparts. So it is beneficial to form closed-loop supply chains by integrating forward supply chains with reverse supply chains and analysing these in detail. This paper suggests five different atomic models of closed-loop supply chains. After analysing and comparing, we obtain some interesting conclusions which can be instructive to the practitioner.

Industrial information integration plays a crucial role in modern supply chains by ensuring the smooth flow of data across all stages, including recovery, recycling, and disposal, which is essential for the successful implementation of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model. Building on this, our paper addresses a global CLSC problem by incorporating International Commercial Terms (Incoterms) and international transportation modes, bridging global supply chain operations with sustainability criteria. This innovative approach advances the development of a globally sustainable CLSC by focusing on the integration of economic, environmental, and social factors, i.e., the triple bottom line of sustainability. Specifically, we address environmental concerns through the introduction of carbon taxation and enhance social sustainability by exploring the impact of advertising on customer satisfaction. To further refine this model, we classify customers based on their sustainability engagement and apply a fuzzy programming approach to account for uncertainty in customer demand influenced by advertising. To solve this complex global CLSC model, we conduct a thorough analysis of constraints and develop a robust Lagrangian relaxation reformulation. While the initial solution may result in infeasibility, we propose a heuristic algorithm that ensures feasible solutions. Our efficient Lagrangian-based heuristic, incorporating an adaptive strategy, is capable of solving large-scale networks with an approximate 10 % optimality gap. Ultimately, this research provides both a comprehensive framework for practitioners to improve the environmental performance and global operations of their supply chains, as well as significant theoretical contributions to the field of industrial information systems.

This paper presents a multi-objective, multi-period inventory routing problem in the supply chain of perishable products under uncertain costs. In addition to traditional objectives of cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission minimization, a novel objective of priority index maximization has been introduced in the model. The priority index quantifies the qualitative social aspects, such as coordination, trust, behavior, and long-term relationships among the stakeholders. In a multi-echelon supply chain, the performance of distributor/retailer is affected by the performance of supplier/distributor. The priority index measures the relative performance index of each player within the supply chain. The maximization of priority index ensures the achievement of social sustainability in the supply chain. Moreover, to model cost uncertainty, a time series integrated regression fuzzy method is developed. This research comprises of three phases. In the first phase, a mixed-integer multi-objective mathematical model while considering the cost uncertainty has been formulated. In order to determine the parameters for priority index objective function, a two-phase fuzzy inference process is used and the rest of the objectives (cost and GHG) have been modeled mathematically. The second phase involves the development of solution methodology. In this phase, to solve the mathematical model, a modified interactive multi-objective fuzzy programming has been employed that incorporates experts’ preferences for objective satisfaction based on their experiences. Finally, in the third phase, a case study of the supply chain of surgical instruments is presented as an example. The results of the case provide optimal flow of products from suppliers to hospitals and the optimal sequence of the visits of different vehicle types that minimize total cost, GHG emissions, and maximizes the priority index.

The supply chain network design problem addresses various factors that maximize customers’ demand and minimizes the sum of strategic, tactical, and operational costs. Companies with common activities in their supply chains have started to cooperate with each other to achieve better service levels. Based on this initiative, a multi-level mixed-integer linear programming model is developed that includes two allied supply chains with different decision makers (DM) at two different decision-making levels. The primary aim of this study is to design an allied closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network that uses some of the same facilities. The secondary aim of this study is to examine this allied CLSC model simultaneously and analyse the impact of the DMs’ objectives based on satisfaction degrees. Various interactive fuzzy programming (IFP) approaches were utilized to examine the presented multi-level CLSC model. A novel IFP approach which is based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed IFP approach on the CLSC model is investigated with hypothetical data. The computational results show that the proposed approach obtains higher satisfaction degrees for upper-level DMs than the other approaches.