Abstract
In the fifth generation (5G) communication system, maximizing energy utilization is one of the key challenges especially with limited green energy sources. In particular, it is important to determine the optimal transmission policy for the hybrid model with grid and green energy in small cell networks. The optimal transmission policy should minimize both grid power consumption and wastage of green harvested energy at the same time; while satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirements such as minimum packet drop probability. In contrast to existing policies with a single objective for the hybrid powered small cell networks, the proposed transmission policy adopts a multi-objective model checking for Markov decision process (MOMC-MDP) with a linear temporal logic (LTL) scheme. The MOMC-MDP firstly determines all feasible decisions for packet transmissions in every time slot, and then chooses one of the best feasible decisions to obtain the optimal transmission policy. Three dimension Markov decision process (3D-MDP) that includes packet buffer, battery capacity, and channel state, are used with the age of information (AoI) of the packet arrivals to improve the overall performance of the proposed MOMC-MDP scheme. Numerical results validate that the proposed MOMC-MDP with AoI can provide higher green energy utilization compared to the conventional MDP-based schemes.
Highlights
Nowdays one of the biggest challenges in all telecommunication fields is to reduce the amount of carbon footprint, especially in wireless communication
The 3D-Markov decision process (MDP) model decides the best solution set for all targeted objectives separately with the value iteration algorithm
In the hybrid powered small cell networks, the proposed multi-objective model checking (MOMC)-MDP scheme can achieve the maximization of the green energy utilization
Summary
Nowdays one of the biggest challenges in all telecommunication fields is to reduce the amount of carbon footprint, especially in wireless communication. It is important to deliver transmission policy decisions at the appropriate time. To consider the above research issues, a Markov decision process (MDP) model is one of the suitable candidates to find the optimal transmission policy. Yu et al.: Multi-Objective Model Checking for Transmission Policy Optimization. LTL rules have comparison and temporal operators that can help propose system criteria in order to control preferred decisions and actions especially for the multi-objective problem. To achieve the benefits of both 3D-MDP and MC, the multi-objective model checking (MOMC) with LTL in 3D-MDP is proposed to determine the optimal transmission policy for the hybrid powered small cell networks. Based on the stochastic model, the 3D-MDP infinitehorizon is designed for the hybrid energy system model It is capable of discovering the optimal action and the best solution among all the feasible solutions.
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