Abstract
The potential role for multi-level modelling in analysing the distribution of a rare disease is described using data on childhood leukaemia mortality in under 2s in local authority districts of England and Wales for the period 1950–53. There is growing evidence that an infection may be involved in the aetiology of childhood leukaemia, mediated by population mixing processes. In this example, the presence of armed forces personnel is analysed with respect to individual deaths from childhood leukaemia. The discussion focuses on how extra information may be gained from use of a multi-level model, and on methodological issues associated with analysing sparse data sets.
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