Abstract
The outcomes for emergency medical services (EMS) are highly dependent on space-time accessibility. Prior research describes the location of EMS needs with low accuracy and has not integrated a temporal analysis of the road network, which accounts for varying mobility in a dynamic transportation network. In this study, we formulated a network-based location-allocation model (NLAM) and analyzed the spatial characteristics of emergency medical facilities within the fifth ring road in Beijing by considering time, traffic, and population characteristics. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The high demand area for EMS is concentrated in the areas in middle, north, and east during the daytime (8:00–20:00) and in the middle and north during the nighttime (20:00–8:00). From day to night, the centroid of the potential demand distribution shifts in the Western and Southern areas. (2) The road traffic data is sampled 20 times throughout the week, and variations in the average driving speed affect a higher mean driving speed on the weekend. This primarily impacts the main roads, due to these roads experiencing the greatest fluctuation in speed throughout the week of any roadway in the study area. (3) Finally, the 15-min coverage of emergency medical facilities are sampled 20 times in one week and analyzed. Fortunately, there is 100% coverage at night; however, due to traffic congestion, there were a few blind coverage areas in the daytime. The blind area is prevalent in Shijingshan South Station and the Jingxian Bridge in the South fifth ring.
Highlights
High-quality educational and medical resources are the primary purpose pursued by urban residents
This study aims to improve the problems in the study of the space layout of existing emergency medical facilities and consider time, traffic, population, and other factors to study the spatial layout of urban emergency medical facilities
(i) For possible coverage blindness, the p-median model can be used to perform a simulated siting of emergency medical facilities, which refers to setting facilities at appropriate locations so that the sum of all weighted costs between the demand point and solution at the facility can be minimized
Summary
High-quality educational and medical resources are the primary purpose pursued by urban residents. The research on the spatial layout of emergency medical facilities needs to consider factors such as population, time, and traffic. Quantitatively simulate potential first aid needs; carefully consider time and traffic factors to analyze the spatial accessibility and coverage of emergency medical facilities, and, optimize for the shortcomings. A more detailed simulation of traffic factors is required when performing coverage analysis Multisource location data such as the floating-car data, mobile terminal location-based service (LBS) positioning data, network data, map, and point of interest (POI) data have provided solutions to the deficiencies mentioned above. This study aims to improve the problems in the study of the space layout of existing emergency medical facilities and consider time, traffic, population, and other factors to study the spatial layout of urban emergency medical facilities. The study aims to enhance the scientific and practical research of the spatial layout of urban emergency medical facilities
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