A multi-center study comparing the analytical sensitivity and clinical concordance of three HIV-1 viral load assays

Abstract

BackgroundHIV-1 viral load assays are essential tools for clinical management of people living with HIV-1. Objectives and study designWe evaluated concordance between three assays: the cobas® HIV-1 test for use on the cobas® 6800 and cobas® 8800 systems (cobas HIV-1); the COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 Test, v2.0 for use with the High Pure System and the COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 test, v2.0. Analytical sensitivity, precision and accuracy of all three methods were assessed using the WHO 2nd International Standard for HIV-1, with concentrations from 5 to 1000 copies/mL. Accuracy and concordance were evaluated using 212 clinical specimens. Overall percent agreement (OPA) was determined using three different thresholds used as medical decision points. ResultsThe limit of detection was below 20 copies/mL for each assay. The hit rate for each assay was 100 % for concentrations ≥ 50 copies/mL. Only the cobas HIV-1 test generated quantifiable data for all replicates at 50 copies/mL. Between 50 and 400 copies/mL, results for all assays were accurate within 0.09 log10 copies/mL, with standard deviation less than 0.14 log10 copies/mL. The mean difference between paired results in clinical specimens ranged from −0.050 to 0.107 log10 copies/mL across all assay comparisons. The OPA between pairs of assays ranged from 94.8 to 98.1% at the 50 copies/mL cutoff, and improved to a range of 97.6–99.0% at the 200 copies/mL cutoff. At the 1000 copies/mL cutoff, OPA between assays was 98.5–99.0%. ConclusionsThe cobas HIV-1 assay is highly sensitive, accurate and suitable for use in clinical practice.