A Multi-Analytical Approach to the Characterisation of the Biocalcarenite from “Cádiz Roman Theatre” (Andalusia - SW Spain)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The main aim of this research is to characterise fresh stone and to highlight how its physical properties change as a result of natural ageing. For this purpose, naturally weathered and freshly cut samples, proceeding from the monument, were analysed. The results obtained allow us to better understand the behaviour of the material in relation to deterioration processes in view of a possible restoration or maintenance intervention. As a result of the characterisation study, two local sedimentary stones were employed for the construction of the Roman Theatre. The mineralogical observations and the petrographic study showed that the two lithotypes come from different quarry extraction sites. Finally, from the comparison between freshly cut and naturally aged samples it has been proven that as the material is altered, the predisposition to water absorption increases, due to the change in the porosity and consequently the mechanical resistance on the surface and in depth decreases.