Abstract
The study of Rosa setigera Michx. (a diploid species in the section Synstylae) is discussed under the disciplines of grossand micro-morphology, phytogeography, ecology (transplant experiments), cytology, and taxonomy. Walter (1788) added to his description of R. carolina L. 1762 (= R. palustris Marsh.): varietates, calycis laciniis brevibus integris; et longis laciniatis. This is a clear reference to R. setigera as named and described by Michaux (1803) from material collected in lower Carolina and Georgia. Several striking characters in his description include stems with paired prickles, glabrous leaves, each 3 to 5 foliolate, and leaflet veins, petioles and sepals, hispid. Michaux also cited a variety of R. setigera with taller stems and scattered prickles having pubescent near the below and sepals with fewer bristles. Persoon (1806) called this variation with leaflets pubescent toward the veins var. elatior. Aiton f. (1811) described R. rubifolia based upon a form with pubescent which had been introduced into the gardens of England. Lindley (1820) felt he could distinguish between R. setigera Michx. and R. rubifolia Ait. f. apart from the presence or absence of pubescence on the and established R. rubifolia var. fenestralis as a glabrous leafed form of R. rubifolia. This variety is synonymous with the typical IR. setigera. In 1820, Refinesque duplicated the work of Persoon (1806) and described R. setigera var. pubescens, a form with pubescent leaflet veins, but otherwise glabrous. He further described three species, R. kentukensis, R. cursor, and R. trifoliata, the former two descriptions approaching R. rubifolia while R. trifoliata is R. setigera. The division of this complex at the specific level into individuals with glabrous below or with leaflet pubescent (R. setigera) and into individuals with puberulent, pubescent, or to1 All techniques and methods used in this study are similar to those described for the monographic treatment of Rosa acicularis Lindl. (Lewis 1959b).
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