Abstract
The development of photonic nano-structures can strongly benefit from full-field electromagnetic (EM) simulations. To this end, geometrical flexibility and accurate material modelling are crucial requirements set on the simulation method. This paper introduces a modular implementation of dispersive materials for time-domain EM simulations with focus on the Finite-Volume Time-Domain (FVTD) method. The proposed treatment can handle electric and magnetic dispersive materials exhibiting multi-pole Debye, Lorentz and Drude models, which can be mixed and combined without restrictions. The presented technique is verified in several illustrative examples, where the backscattering from dispersive spheres is calculated. The amount of flexibility and freedom gained from the proposed implementation will be demonstrated in the challenging simulation of the plasmonic resonance behavior of two gold nanospheres coupled in close proximity, where the dispersive characteristic of gold is approximated by realistic values in the optical frequency range.
Highlights
Present research in computational electromagnetics (CEM) is tackling complex problems, which have become solvable only in recent years thanks to widespread availability of powerful computers with ample memory
This paper introduces a modular implementation of dispersive materials for time-domain EM simulations with focus on the Finite-Volume Time-Domain (FVTD) method
The amount of flexibility and freedom gained from the proposed implementation will be demonstrated in the challenging simulation of the plasmonic resonance behavior of two gold nanospheres coupled in close proximity, where the dispersive characteristic of gold is approximated by realistic values in the optical frequency range
Summary
Present research in computational electromagnetics (CEM) is tackling complex problems, which have become solvable only in recent years thanks to widespread availability of powerful computers with ample memory. The paper is organized as follows: In section 2 the derivation for the RC, PLRC and ADE models of Debye, Lorentz and Drude type frequency-dependent electric and magnetic materials are given together with a description of the necessary parameters. The electric susceptibilities χe for Debye (De), Lorentz (Lo) and Drude (Dr) materials will be specified in detail On this basis, the update parameters β pκ , lνe and jνe for the RC, PLRC and ADE method can be derived. ADE does not appear to require a reduction of the time step for Drude models, but it seems to be slightly less accurate for Lorentz materials (in the implementation presented in this paper). The discretizations used for all examples range from approximately λr min /15 on the surface of the scattering sphere to λ0 min /7 at the computational boundary, where λr min and λ0 min are the wavelengths at the highest frequency of interest in the material and in vacuum, respectively
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