Abstract
Carbon-based hole transport material (HTM)-free perovskite solar cells have exhibited a promising commercialization prospect, attributed to their outstanding stability and low manufacturing cost. However, the serious charge recombination at the interface of the carbon counter electrode and titanium dioxide (TiO2) suppresses the improvement in the carbon-based perovskite solar cells’ performance. Here, we propose a modified sequential deposition process in air, which introduces a mixed solvent to improve the morphology of lead iodide (PbI2) film. Combined with ethanol treatment, the preferred crystallization orientation of the PbI2 film is generated. This new deposition strategy can prepare a thick and compact methylammonium lead halide (MAPbI3) film under high-humidity conditions, which acts as a natural active layer that separates the carbon counter electrode and TiO2. Meanwhile, the modified sequential deposition method provides a simple way to facilitate the conversion of the ultrathick PbI2 capping layer to MAPbI3, as the light absorption layer. By adjusting the thickness of the MAPbI3 capping layer, we achieved a power conversation efficiency (PCE) of 12.5% for the carbon-based perovskite solar cells.
Highlights
Lead halide perovskites have excellent optoelectronic properties, such as a high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, and long carrier recombination life
The MAPbI3 layers were formed by the sequential deposition method, and the carbon electrodes were prepared using the doctor-blade method with a commercial
The MAPbI3 layers were formed by the sequential deposition method, and the carbon electrodes were prepared using the doctor-blade method with commercial carbon paste
Summary
Lead halide perovskites have excellent optoelectronic properties, such as a high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, and long carrier recombination life. Through these holes, the carbon electrode contacts the electron transport layer directly, resulting in carrier recombination and a reduced carrier concentration. Cheng used a mesoporous SiO2 insulating layer to prepare HTM-free perovskite solar cells in a 50% humidity environment, and achieved an efficiency of 11% [17]. Han et al proposed a drop-cast method with a mesoporous ZrO2 insulating layer to prepare perovskite solar cells with a PCE of 13% under atmospheric conditions [18]. When the thickness of PbI2 is 800 nm, the highest open-circuit voltage (968 mV) and highest efficiency (12.5%) were achieved This modified sequential deposition method exhibited good repeatability for the preparation of perovskite film under atmospheric conditions
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