Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of death from worldwide non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of diabetes in the Mexico (MX)–United States border states exceeds the national rate in both countries. The economic burden of diabetes, due to decreased productivity, disability, and medical costs, is staggering and increases significantly when T2DM-related complications occur. The purpose of this study was to use a modified behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) to describe the T2DM self-management behaviors, diabetes care, and health perception of a convenience sample of adults with T2DM in Monterrey, MX. This cross-sectional study design, with convenience sampling, was conducted with a convenience sample (n = 351) of adults in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, MX who self-reported a diagnosis of T2DM. Potential participants were recruited from local supermarkets. Twenty-six diabetes and health-related items were selected from the BRFSS and administered in face-to-face interviews by trained data collectors. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The mean age was 47 years, and the mean length of time with T2DM was 12 years. The majority was taking oral medication and 34% required insulin. Daily self-monitoring of feet was performed by 56% of the participants; however, only 8.8% engaged in blood glucose self-monitoring. The mean number of health-care provider visits was 9.09 per year, and glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) was assessed 2.6 times per year. Finally, only 40.5% of the participants recalled having a dilated eye exam. We conclude the modified BRFSS survey administered in a face-to-face interview format is an appropriate tool for assessing engagement in T2DM self-management behaviors, diabetes care, and health perception. Extension of the use of this survey in a more rigorous design with a larger scale survey is encouraged.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic disease and a major global health threat
Study Design, Sample, Setting, and Data Collection. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the metropolitan area of Monterrey (Nuevo Leon, Mexico), a city located in the north of the country and 134 miles south of the MX–U.S border, with an estimated population in 2015 of 4,406,054 habitants distributed in 12 municipalities
Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes were excluded from the study
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic disease and a major global health threat. T2DM is one of the leading causes of death from non-communicable diseases worldwide [1]. Other reports, published in 2010, report the prevalence of diabetes in MX ranges between 9.2 and 17% [3, 4]. This rate compares to the MX–United States (U.S.) border states (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, and Texas) that have an estimated T2DM prevalence of 17%, which is the highest T2DM rate at the national level in both countries [4]. During 2012, the non-age-adjusted prevalence of T2DM was 15.5% [6] and 14.1% [7] in Nuevo Leon and Monterrey, respectively
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