Abstract

Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the most severe pests for sweet and hot varieties of pepper (Capsicum spp.; Solanaceae). The species is distributed widely, principally in Central America, but in 2013 it was detected for the first time in the Lazio region of Italy. Modelling plays a key role in reducing chemical treatments used on Capsicum spp., but reliable predictions of pest populations require adjusted tools, as well as intense knowledge of the insect’s biology and its typical environment. The main goal of this work is to describe the life cycle of A. eugenii with a physiologically based model, which links the population dynamics with the environmental parameters. More specifically, this analysis focuses on the different response of the age-structured model in relation to the development rate function in input. Two methodologies to determine the best representative development rate function suitable for simulations are proposed; the first is “a priori analysis,” whereas the second is the “a posteriori analysis.” Simulations were compared with semi-field data, collected in a controlled experimental greenhouse where A. eugenii developed in varying temperature conditions. Results showed that the model used is adequate to describe A. eugenii population dynamics and highlighted how the a posteriori analysis can be essential to (i) analyze the simulation outputs, and (ii) determine the best representing development rate function, if the a priori analysis does not provide this information sufficiently clearly. Resumen Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) es una de las plagas mas severas para las variedades de chile dulce y chile picante (Capsicum spp.; Solanaceae). La especie es distribuida ampliamente, principalmente en America Central, pero en el 2013 se detecto por primera vez en la region italiana de Lazio. El modelado juega un papel clave en la reduccion de los tratamientos quimicos utilizados en Capsicum spp., pero las predicciones confiables de las poblaciones de plagas requieren herramientas ajustadas, asi como un conocimiento intenso de la biologia del insecto y su ambiente tipico. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es describir el ciclo de vida de A. eugenii con un modelo basado fisiologicamente, que vincula la dinamica de la poblacion con los parametros ambientales. Mas especificamente, este analisis se enfoque sobre la respuesta diferente del modelo estructurado por edad en relacion con la funcion de tasa de desarrollo en insumo. Se proponen dos metodologias para determinar la mejor funcion de tasa de desarrollo representativa para usar en simulaciones; el primero es “analisis a priori,” mientras que el segundo es el “analisis a posteriori.” Se compararon las simulaciones con datos de semi-campo, recolectados en un invernadero experimental controlado donde A. eugenii se desarrollo en diferentes condiciones de temperatura. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo utilizado es adecuado para describir la dinamica de la poblacion de A. eugenii y resaltaron como el analisis a posteriori puede ser fundamental para (i) analizar los resultados de la simulacion y (ii) determinar la mejor funcion que representa la tasa de desarrollo, si el analisis a priori no proporciona esta informacion con suficiente claridad. Key Words: pepper weevil; Von Foerster’s equation; integrated pest management; alien species; development rate function; physiologically based models Supplementary material for this article in Florida Entomologist 103(2) (June 2020) is online at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse View this article in BioOne

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