Abstract
Interorganizational coopetition describes a relationship in which two or more organizations cooperate and compete simultaneously. Actors under coopetition cooperate to achieve collective objectives and compete to maximize their individual benefits. Such relationships are based on the logic of win-win strategies that necessitate decision-makers in coopeting organizations to develop relationships that yield favorable outcomes for each actor. We follow a strategic modeling approach that combines i* goal-modeling to explore strategic alternatives of actors with Game Tree decision-modeling to evaluate the actions and payoffs of those players. In this article, we elaborate on the method, illustrating one particular pathway towards a positive-sum outcome – through the introduction of an intermediary actor. This article demonstrates the activation of one component in this guided approach of systematically searching for alternatives to generate a new win-win strategy. We also present a meta-model for relating i* models and Game Trees. A hypothetical industrial scenario focusing on the Industrial Data Space, which is a platform that can help organizations to overcome obstacles to data sharing in a coopetitive ecosystem, is used to explain this approach.
Highlights
Coopetition refers to concomitant cooperation and competition among actors wherein actors “cooperate to grow the pie and compete to split it up” [1]
Each top-level softgoal of Branded Pharmaceutical Company (BPC) is satisfied in this case but it does not act in line with its preferences so it earns a payoff of 1
We utilized a strategic modeling approach to systematically search for win-win strategies and generate new alternatives for organizations under coopetition
Summary
Coopetition refers to concomitant cooperation and competition among actors wherein actors “cooperate to grow the pie and compete to split it up” [1]. “A Modeling Approach for Getting to Win-Win in Industrial Collaboration under Strategic Coopetition,” Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly, CSIMQ, no. Coopetition is predicated on the rationale of positive-sum outcomes through which all actors are better off by coopeting rather than by purely competing or solely cooperating. This aspect of coopetition requires decision-makers in coopeting organizations to develop and analyze win-win strategies. In zero-sum outcomes the amount of gain by some players equals the amount of loss by other players These outcomes are correlated to distinct types of strategies that are adopted by players in coopetitive relationships: win-win, win-lose, and lose-lose. Win-lose strategies are unsustainable in coopetitive relationships because some actors (i.e. those that are disadvantaged) will be worse off as a result and these actors are likely to withdraw from or abandon such relationships
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