A model to obtain timing solution with un-differenced observations suitable for single-station/multi-station, a case study of BDS data

Abstract

This study proposes a model for a BeiDou Satellite Navigation System (BDS) precise timing solution with un-differenced carrier phase observations, and it is suitable for both single-station and multi-station. With this model, not only can users employ high-precision carrier phase observations to improve the uncertainty of the timing service for single station, but they can also directly use the un-differenced model and augmentation correction which collected from the reference stations to get the timing service, which is more efficient than the traditional single-differenced model for multi-stations. The validation showed that the carrier phase observations can improve the uncertainty from 0.49 to 0.10 ns, and the mean stability improved 70 times. In addition, whether for the single-station and multi-station solution or for the single-differenced model and un-differenced model, the final uncertainty and stability were nearly the same, thus it allows for the realisation of a seamless timing solution for the single-station model and multi-station model.