Abstract
The paper proposes a model to calculate electrostatic charge structure of an eruptive cloud (EC) based on the response of atmospheric electric field (AEF EZ) strength during cloud passage near an observation site. The model provides high identity of calculated and experimental data for complex configurations of EC electrostatic charges. Examples of calculation of EC structures from Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka) eruptions are given. They were estimated with the help of the developed model based on the records of AEF EZ response at the distances of 45 and 113 km.
Highlights
Generation of atmospheric electrostatic field (AEF) is associated with multiple processes of planetary and local scales
Depending on the character of explosive activity, volcanic ash content, amount of water dissolved in magma and so on, eruptive cloud (EC) electrization is conceivable within wide limits of charge value and with different polarization [8,9,10,11,12,13]
Volcanic activity is reflected indirectly in EC, EC electrostatic field decomposition on the basis of partial fields of separate volcanic globule» (VG) may give an idea on volcanic activity character if we take into account the evolution processes occurring as the result of its motion along the transfer direction under wind effect
Summary
Generation of atmospheric electrostatic field (AEF) is associated with multiple processes of planetary and local scales. Depending on the character of explosive activity, volcanic ash content, amount of water dissolved in magma and so on, EC electrization is conceivable within wide limits of charge value and with different polarization [8,9,10,11,12,13] These circumstances as well as the interaction of EC boundary with the clouds of meteorological origin cause lightning activity. As opposed to the vertical electric structure of meteorological clouds, horizontal structure is typical for EC In this case, to describe field sources, we need to apply several ellipsoids of different polarity and orientation that makes the model more complicated and hardly suitable for quantitative analysis. As a result we have that in a simplest case we need to obtain 8 unknown quantities from experimental values for quantitative application of such a model Applying such a model, EC electric structure with significant horizontal dimensions should be described by several dipoles. That complicates model application and makes it problematic to use it for EC electric structure investigation
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