Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a novel model-order reduction (MOR) technique for the efficient frequency-domain finite-element method (FEM) simulation of microwave components. It is based on the standard reduced-basis method, but the subsequent expansion frequency points are selected following the so-called sparsified greedy strategy. This feature makes it especially useful to perform a fast-frequency sweep of problems that lead to systems of equations exhibiting a nonaffine frequency dependence. This property appears, for example, when the excitation of the problem is characterized by a frequency-dependent waveguide mode pattern, or when the computational domain includes materials with frequency-dependent permittivity or permeability tensors. Moreover, the new MOR scheme can be also used to accelerate the frequency sweep of problems with many excitations, for which the standard reduction algorithms tend to be time-consuming. Its effectiveness and accuracy is verified through analysis of three microwave structures: planar microstrip branch-line coupler, three-port waveguide junction with ferrite post, and an eighth-order dual-mode waveguide filter.
Highlights
A key step in the design of modern microwave devices and systems is full-wave electromagnetic simulation
One possible remedy in such cases is to apply one of the general parametric model-order reduction (MOR) (PMOR) approaches typically used for problems with nonaffine parameter dependence
Even though the reduced-order model (ROM) in [24]–[26] are generated in a self-adaptive way using the greedy approach, they have a number of limitations: the nonaffine parameter dependence is approximated using the interpolation method, which leads to error; and as in the previously cited approaches, the order of the interpolating polynomial is set a priori and cannot be adaptively altered
Summary
A key step in the design of modern microwave devices and systems is full-wave electromagnetic simulation The purpose of such a simulation is usually to investigate the behavior of a given structure in a specified frequency band. In this approach, a large-scale Finite-element (FE) full-order model (FOM) is projected onto a properly constructed subspace, resulting in a so-called reduced-order model (ROM). The number and placement of the expansion points within the frequency range is determined by following a greedy strategy, supported by a residual-based a posteriori error estimator [14] These techniques have been proven to be numerically stable, efficient, and reliable.
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