Abstract
This article examines the fees applied to vehicles of the maximum weight of 3.5 t based on time. It focuses on the analysis of the current application of time-based fees in individual countries of the EU. This analysis is carried out as a supporting tool serving the design models available in the Czech Republic. The goal of the contribution is designing a new model of time-based pricing of road motor vehicles in the territory of the Czech Republic. The contribution also includes the analysis of legal standards regulating the issue in the Czech Republic and in the EU countries; the analysis only deals with EU legal standards that directly address the area. The outcome of the contribution is a constructed model of a time-based fee, based on pre-defined assumptions, which were determined by needs ensuing from the current conditions that affect the operation of chargeable passenger cars and light commercial vehicles. In conclusion, a comparison of receipts from the current system of time-based fees with receipts resulting from the proposed model of time-based fees for the Czech Republic is made. The results shown in Table 6 show that the application of the newly defined time-based fee model in the Czech Republic leads to increased public budget revenues by 3.14%, ie by CZK 149.262 million in absolute terms.
Highlights
Road passenger and freight transport is one of the key sectors of modern market economies and construction or renewal of transport infrastructure is necessary for the development of economy as a whole
Vehicles with weight exceeding 3.5 t are subject to charges based on traffic performance, which applies in another 22 EU countries
Vignettes in the Czech Republic are compulsory for all vehicles with at least four wheels and the maximum permitted weight of up to 3.5 t driving along priced roads
Summary
Road passenger and freight transport is one of the key sectors of modern market economies and construction or renewal of transport infrastructure is necessary for the development of economy as a whole. A negative externality originates in the event that a part of the costs generated in connection with motor traffic is transferred to the society, for instance in the form of environmental damage; the society bears a part of costs of another person’s consumption Such externalities include the risk of traffic accidents and mortality due to the overloaded infrastructure, noise and pollution of the environment (Cnossen, 2005 and Andrlík, 2012, 2014). The fee for the use of infrastructure based on the distance depends on the number of kilometers traveled by a road motor vehicle along the charged sections of infrastructure in the EU country concerned. Most of the EU countries use the intervals of one week, one month, and one year This form of time-based fee is mostly used for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (N1 category). Two forms of vignettes are currently used in the European Union: paper and electronic
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