Abstract
Research has shown that tutoring by humans provide the most effective method of instruction. One school of thought in the Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) community believes that studying human tutors is the best way to discover how to build effective machine tutors. This paper describes a conceptual model of tutoring that is based on a study of skilled human tutors in the domain of cardiovascular physiology. This model is developed as a part of research to develop an ITS, CIRCSIM-Tutor, for first year medical students at Rush Medical College, Chicago. The major theme of this model of tutoring is that, in a problem-solving environment, it facilitates the student to integrate his/her knowledge into a coherent qualitative causal model of the domain and solve problems in the domain. The key feature of this model is that it uses multiple models of the domain in the process of facilitating knowledge integration.
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