Abstract
Thermite welding (TW) is now widely used all over the world to weld, maintenance and modernization railway and tram rails [1]. The main materials from the thermite composition (TC), results from manufacturing scraps, which can be retrieved all over the country. Exothermic welding (EW) which is based on the exothermal reaction between iron oxides (FeO, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) and aluminium powder, takes place at temperatures up to 3500 °C and during casting rail ends are melted in order to be welded.In was studied the thermal effects of the aluminothermic reduction reactions of the iron oxides, which were dosed in different percentages. The aluminothermic reaction efficiency is given by strictness in the ratio of the TC selection and mainly in the iron oxides types. Their correct dosage makes possible the control the exothermic reaction (ER) effect. Also it is revealed the effect of particle size from thermite powder (TP) on the thermite dynamics reactions. Is also presented a model of optimization and control the thermite kits (TK) for aluminothermic welding (AW). Finally, the TK composition can be calculated from "QUARK1" Diagram, as function of the heat amount necessary for the welding.
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