Abstract

The Standard Model (SM) is augmented with a U(1)B−3Lμ gauge symmetry spontaneously broken above the TeV scale when an SM-singlet scalar condenses. Scalar leptoquarks S1(3)=(3‾,1(3),13) charged under U(1)B−3Lμ mediate the intriguing effects observed in muon (g−2), RK(⁎), and b→sμ+μ− angular distributions, while generically evading all other phenomenological constraints. The fermionic sector is minimally extended with three right-handed neutrinos, and a successful type-I seesaw mechanism is realized. Charged lepton flavor violation is effectively suppressed, and proton decay—a common prediction of leptoquarks—is postponed to the dimension-6 effective Lagrangian. Unavoidable radiative corrections in the Higgs mass and muon Yukawa favor leptoquark masses interesting for collider searches. The parameters of the model are radiatively stable and can be evolved by the renormalization group to the Planck scale without inconsistencies. Alternative lepton-flavored gauge extensions of the SM, under which leptoquarks become muoquarks, are proposed for comparison.

Highlights

  • The discovery of the muon in 1936 by Anderson and Neddermeyer marked the birth of modern particle physics

  • The Standard Model (SM) is augmented with a U(1)B−3Lμ gauge symmetry spontaneously broken above the TeV scale when an SM-singlet scalar condenses

  • This is, for instance, not the case for U(1)Lμ−Lτ symmetry where the minimal neutrino sector [71] allows for a coupling 1/MPl qcLS3ΦqL, which, together with the qcL LS3 needed for the anomaly, leads to proton decay in gross violation of the experiment

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Summary

A Model of Muon Anomalies

The Standard Model (SM) is augmented with a U(1)B−3Lμ gauge symmetry spontaneously broken above the TeV scale when an SM-singlet scalar condenses. Scalar leptoquarks S1(3) = (3, 1(3), 1/3) charged under U(1)B−3Lμ mediate the intriguing effects observed in muon (g − 2), RK(∗) , and b → sμ+μ−, while generically evading all other phenomenological constraints. Charged lepton flavor violation is effectively suppressed, and proton decay—a common prediction of leptoquarks—is postponed to the dimension-6 effective Lagrangian. Unavoidable radiative corrections in the Higgs mass and muon Yukawa favor leptoquark masses interesting for collider searches. The parameters of the model are radiatively stable and can be evolved by the renormalization group to the Planck scale without inconsistencies. Alternative lepton-flavored gauge extensions of the SM, under which leptoquarks become muoquarks, are proposed for comparison

INTRODUCTION
Muoquark solution of the muon anomalies
Symmetry breaking
Naturalness
Neutrino masses and proton decay
The scenarios for muon anomalies
CONCLUSIONS

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