Abstract
Despite numerous studies devoted to a comprehensive analysis of buildings as complex energy systems and, in particular, human thermal comfort, an attempt to combine these two aspects to solve the problems of energy conservation and comfort has been made for the first time. The designed comfort model serves to determine the structure of the human body exergy balance and calculate the minimum exergy consumption and comfortable air temperature. The paper presents a structure of the exergy balance in winter and summer, the dependence of the human body exergy consumption on the mean radiant temperature and room air temperature in winter. We have analyzed various models of human thermal comfort and devised a model of a comprehensive analysis of the system “heat source – human being – building envelope”. We have calculated the standard deviation of comfortable room air temperature for different values of the mean radiant temperature, for the exergy model of thermal comfort and the model for which the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index of human sensation equals to zero. It is found that the standard deviation equals to 1.4 °C. Using thermal comfort models in a comprehensive analysis allows constructing buildings with low energy or exergy consumption and with highquality thermal comfort.
Highlights
At present, an efficient use of heat energy of houses is a vital issue
The international standard for determining thermal comfort is based on empirical model [3], which allows taking into account the intensity of human activity, type of clothing, air velocity, relative humidity, room air temperature ta, and mean radiant temperature tr
An exergic approach consists in determining the minimum human body exergy consumption and is based on the energy model, which allows taking into account environmental and human factors
Summary
An efficient use of heat energy of houses is a vital issue. Thermal comfort in the room is no less important under growing demands of energy conservation. Providing comfortable conditions is a limiting factor under the growing requirements of energy conservation. The international standard for determining thermal comfort is based on empirical model [3], which allows taking into account the intensity of human activity, type of clothing, air velocity, relative humidity, room air temperature ta, and mean radiant temperature tr. An exergic approach consists in determining the minimum human body exergy consumption and is based on the energy model, which allows taking into account environmental and human factors. This model determines the minimum exergy destruction in the two-node human system and the necessary conditions for this minimum. Consideration of comfortable conditions in energy and exergy analyses of the energy performance of buildings is an important and insufficiently studied factor
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