Abstract
A two-stage model is proposed for whisker growth. Expansion of a dislocation loop by climb under emission of vacancies which diffuse far away from the whisker root region is followed by glide of the loop through the network of other dislocations towards the surface. The model brings out the necessity for both long-range diffusion and dislocation motion and explains how different stress dependences are encountered depending on which mechanism is rate-determining. The experimental evidence suggests that the dislocation glide stage determines the rate of zinc whisker growth, while diffusion is likely to control the stress-accelerated growth of tin whiskers
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