Abstract
The non-apatitic iron ores, manganese ores and sulphide ores of central Sweden, which occur in a volcano-sedimentary complex of Early Proterozoic age, have a common volcanogenic origin. The close association between specific ore types and metavolcanics suggests a stratigraphic control of the ores on a regional scale. Deposited in basins, the ores formed with increasing water depth (increasing pH and decreasing Eh) in the following order: quartz-banded iron ores mostly lacking sulphides; non-man-ganiferous skarn iron ores with Cu-Fe sulphides; manganiferous skarn iron ores with Zn-Pb sulphides, and Fe2+-Mn2+ silicates (eulysites). The latter two ore types occur adjacent to argillites/greywackes indicating a reducing environment. The manganese oxide ores of the Langban type represent a formation intermediate between the quartzbanded iron ores and the manganiferous skarn iron ores.
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