A model for the calmodulin—peptide complex based on the troponin C crystal packing and its similarity to the NMR structure of the calmodulin—myosin light chain kinase peptide complex

Abstract

In the crystal structure of troponin C, the holo C-domain is bound in a head-to-tail fashion to the A-helix of the apo N-domain of a symmetry-related molecule. Using this interaction, we have proposed a model for the calmodulin-peptide complex. We find that the interaction of the C-domain with the A-helix is similar to that observed in the NMR structure of the calmodulin-myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) peptide complex. This similarity in binding has enabled us to make a precise sequence alignment of the target peptides in the calmodulin-binding cleft and to rationalize the amino acid sequence-dependent binding strengths of various peptides. Our model differs from that proposed by Strynadka and James (Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 7, 234-248, 1990) in that the peptides are rotated by 100 degrees in the calmodulin binding cleft.