Abstract
The formation of a liquid spray emanating from a nozzle in the presence of atomizing air was studied using a computational model approach that accounted for the deformation and break up of droplets. Particular attention was given to the formation of sprays under non-swirling flow conditions. The instantaneous fluctuating fluid velocity and velocity gradient components were evaluated with the use of a probability density function (PDF)-based Langevin equation. Motions of atomized fuel droplets were analyzed, and ensemble and time averaging were used for evaluating the statistical properties of the spray. Effects of shape change of droplets, and their breakup, as well as evaporation, were included in the model. The simulation results showed that the mean-square fluctuation velocities of the droplets vary significantly with their size and shape. Furthermore, the mean-square fluctuation velocities of the evaporating droplet differed somewhat from non-evaporating droplets. Droplet turbulence diffusivities, however, were found to be close to the diffusivity of fluid point particles. The droplet velocity, concentration, and size of the simulated spray were compared with the experimental data and reasonable agreement was found.
Highlights
Understanding the formation and subsequent dynamics of turbulent liquid sprays are of considerable interest to the design and operation of jet and rocket engines
Shang et al [6] and Berlemont et al [7] presented the procedure for Lagrangian simulation of droplet evaporation in turbulent flows
4.4.Results this section, simulation results for a turbulent liquid spraybyassisted by non-swirling
Summary
Understanding the formation and subsequent dynamics of turbulent liquid sprays are of considerable interest to the design and operation of jet and rocket engines. Kvasnak et al [8] examined the formation of liquid sprays in the absence of atomizing air. Recent reviews of the spray simulation and breakup methods were methods were presented by Jenny et al [5]. This work was concerned with understanding the effects of droplet deformation, breakup, and evaporation on the dispersion of deforming ellipsoidal spray droplets in turbulent fuel injector flow evaporation on the dispersion of deforming ellipsoidal spray droplets in turbulent fuel injector flow fields with atomizing air, with a focus towards practical applications. The other goal was to develop a computational tool for the simulation of practical liquid spray fuel injectors.
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