Abstract
BackgroundThere is a great need for dietary assessment methods that suit the adolescent lifestyle and give valid intake data.ObjectiveTo develop a mobile phone app and evaluate its ability to assess energy intake (EI) and total energy expenditure (TEE) compared with objectively measured TEE. Furthermore, to investigate the impact of factors on reporting accuracy of EI, and to compare dietary intake with a Web-based method.MethodsParticipants 14 to 16 years of age were recruited from year nine in schools in Gothenburg, Sweden. In total, 81 adolescents used the mobile phone app over 1 to 6 days. TEE was measured with the SenseWear Armband (SWA) during the same or proximate days. Individual factors were assessed with a questionnaire. A total of 15 participants also recorded dietary intake using a Web-based method.ResultsThe mobile phone app underestimated EI by 29% on a group level (P<.001) compared to TEE measured with the SWA, and there was no significant correlation between EI and TEE. Accuracy of EI relative to TEE increased with a weekend day in the record (P=.007) and lower BMI z-score (P=.001). TEE assessed with the mobile phone app was 1.19 times the value of TEE measured by the SWA on a group level (P<.001), and the correlation between the methods was .75 (P<.001). Analysis of physical activity levels (PAL) from the mobile phone app stratified by gender showed that accuracy of the mobile phone app was higher among boys. EI, nutrients, and food groups assessed with the mobile phone app and Web-based method among 15 participants were not significantly different and several were significantly correlated, but strong conclusions cannot be drawn due to the low number of participants.ConclusionsBy using a mobile phone dietary assessment app, on average 71% of adolescents’ EI was captured. The accuracy of reported dietary intake was higher with lower BMI z-score and if a weekend day was included in the record. The daily question in the mobile phone app about physical activity could accurately rank the participants’ TEE.
Highlights
In comparison to previous dietary surveys in Sweden, this study indicates that positive changes in food intake have occurred
The participants reported a higher intake of fruit and berries, vegetables, roots, pulses, fish and shellfish
Livsmedel på tub (t.ex. kalles kaviar, räkost, majonnäs, senap, tomatpuré)
Summary
In Riksmaten adults 2010–11 were a representative sample of 5000 individuals between 18–80 years and living in Sweden invited to participate in the survey. Medelkonsumtionen var 23 gram för kvinnor, 29 gram bland män och för hela gruppen 26 gram. Konsumtionen av ost var i genomsnitt 25 gram bland både män och kvinnor. Under registreringsperioden hade 1 455 personer (ca 80 %) registrerat matfett för smörgås och intaget varierade mellan några gram och cirka 100 gram per dag (figur 17). Under registreringsperioden hade 891 (50 %) personer konsumerat godis och intaget varierade från några få gram till över 100 gram per dag. Under registreringsperioden hade 1 363 (76 %) personer registrerat att de konsumerat bullar, kakor eller tårtor och intaget varierade från några få gram till över 200 gram per dag (figur 28). Under registreringsperioden hade 462 personer (26 %) registrerat att de ätit söta soppor och efterrätter och intaget varierade från några gram till runt 400 gram per dag (figur 29). Grundskola, realskola eller folkskola 2 2-årig gymnasieutbildning, yrkesutbildning, folkhögskola, flickskola eller motsvarande 3 Minst 3-årig gymnasieutbildning 4 Utbildning från universitet, högskola eller motsvarande 5 Saknar skolutbildning
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